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wang6610
银牌会员
积分 1246
发帖 488
注册 2003-11-11
状态 离线
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『楼 主』:
GRUB命令索引
命令索引:
background 设置图形模式下的背景色。
blocklist 输出文件的块清单标记。
boot 引导已加载的操作系统或扇区链式加载器。
bootp 通过BOOTP初试化网络设备。
cat 显示指定文件的内容。
chainloader 加载扇区链式加载器。
clear 清屏幕。
cmp 比较两个文件, 并且报告两者之间的不同的信息。
color 改变菜单的颜色。
configfile 将指定文件作为配置文件予以加载。
debug 打开/关闭除错模式。
default 把 NUM 项菜单设为缺省值。
device 声明BIOS驱动器对应的实际物理设备。
dhcp 通过DHCP初试化网络设备。
displayapm 显示 APM BIOS 的相关信息。
displaymem 显示 GRUB 所判断到的当前系统的内存分布，包括所有物理内存区域。
dump 显示诸多文件的内容。
embed 如果设备是个驱动器, 则将Stage 1.5嵌入到主引导扇区之后。
fallback 如果调用当前的菜单项时出现错误，则转移到 NUM 项后重试
find 在所有分区上查找文件名, 并显示包含该文件的设备。如果设置了参数 --set-root，则在找到第一个匹配后马上停止，并且把该设备设为根。
fontfile 指定中文字体文件，并切换到简体中文显示方式。
foreground 设置图形模式下的前景色。
fstest 切换文件系统的试验模式。
geometry 输出驱动器的相关信息。
gfxmenu 使用 FILE 中的图形菜单。
halt 关闭系统。
help 显示内部命令的帮助信息。
hiddenmenu 隐藏菜单。
hide 通过在分区类型上置隐藏标志，隐藏指定分区。
ifconfig 指定 IP 地址, 子网掩码, 网关和服务器地址。不带参数时，将显示当前的网络配置。
impsprobe 通过一些循环操作，侦测出符合 Intel 多处理器规范 1.1/1.4 的 CPUs，以便于发挥其更好的效能。
initrd 加载Linux格式的初始化虚拟盘, 并设置必要的参数。
install 安装STAGE1到指定设备上,安装加载STAGE2需要的块列表到STAGE2上。
ioprobe 侦测指定设备的 I/O 端口号。
kernel 尝试载入主引导影像文件。
lock 如果用户未被认证，则终止命令的执行。
makeactive 将 root 设备置为活动分区。
map 对设备进行映射。
md5crypt 产生一个 MD5 格式的密码。
module 对多重启动影像, 加载启动模块文件 (不处理该文件的内容, 用户必须自己确定核心的要求)。
modulenounzip 与 'module' 类似, 但是自动禁用了解压缩。
pager 没有参数时，切换页模式。
partnew 创建一个新的主分区。
parttype 改变指定分区(PART)的分区类型(TYPE)。
password 设置密码。
pause 终止命令的运行，并给出一段信息。任意键按下后，将继续。
portmap 进行端口映射。
quit 从 GRUB 命令行中退出。
rarp 用 RARP 初始化网络设备。
read 从内存的指定位置读取一个 32-bit 的值，并以十六进制形式显示出来。
reboot 重启系统。
root 设置根分区。
rootnoverify 类似`root'指令, 但不测试安装该分区。这用于有些系统装在 GRUB 能访问的磁盘区之外, 但仍需要设置正确的根分区的情况。有些需要安装分区才能确定的参数可能会有问题。
run 运行一个为光盘启动而设计的引导文件（非模拟方式的）
savedefault 将当前项设置为默认的引导项。
scdrom 寻找系统的第一个 CD-ROM 驱动器，然后为其分配一个驱动器号以备后续使用(--install)。或者，用该驱动器中的可引导光盘启动系统。(--boot)。
serial 初始化一个串口设备。
setkey 改变键盘映射关系。
setup 自动安装GRUB.
splashimage 图形模式下载入背景图片文件。
terminal 选择一个终端。
terminfo 指定终端的功能。
testload 以多种不同的方式读取文件(由FILE指定)的整个内容，并予以比较，以测试文件系统的代码。
testvbe 测试所指定(MODE)的 VBE 模式。
tftpserver 指定 TFTP 服务器的 IP 地址。
timeout 设置在自动启动缺省菜单前所等待的秒数。
title 命名菜单项。
unhide 通过清除隐藏标志，解除指定分区(PARTITION)的隐藏。
uppermem 强制指定仅有(KBYTES) KB 的上位内存。
vbeprobe 侦测 VBE 的信息。
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blocklist
用法: blocklist FILE
描述:
输出文件的块清单标记。
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boot
用法: boot
描述:
引导已加载的操作系统或扇区链式加载器。
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bootp
用法: bootp [--with-configfile]
描述:
通过BOOTP初试化网络设备。如果使用了`--with-configfile'参数，此命令将会试图去加载一个特定的配置文件。
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cat
用法: cat FILE
描述:
显示指定文件的内容。
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chainloader
用法: chainloader [--force] FILE
描述:
加载扇区链式加载器。若使用了--force参数, 则忽略该扇区的启动标识的有效性。
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cmp
用法: cmp FILE1 FILE2
描述:
比较两个文件, 并且报告两者之间的不同的信息。
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color
用法: color NORMAL [HIGHLIGHT]
描述:
改变菜单的颜色。Normal 用于指定菜单项的未选中时的颜色，HIGHLIGHT 则用于指定菜单项的被选中时的颜色。如果你未指定 HIGHLIGHT 色，那么我们将使用 NORMAL 的反色值。颜色值的格式是 "FG/BG"。FG 和 BG 是颜色的名称，如下：black(黑), blue(蓝), green(绿), cyan(青), red(红), magenta(粉红), brown(棕), light-gray(亮灰),dark-gray(暗灰), light-blue(浅蓝), light-green(淡绿), light-cyan(淡青), light-red(明红), light-magenta(浅红), yellow(黄) 和 white(白)。注意，BG 的值只能是前八个。另外，若想使用闪烁的前景色，你在 FG 前使用前缀 "blink-" 即可。
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configfile
用法: configfile FILE
描述:
将指定文件作为配置文件予以加载。
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debug
用法: debug
描述:
打开/关闭除错模式。
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default
用法: default [NUM | `saved']
描述:
把 NUM 项菜单设为缺省值。
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device
用法: device DRIVE DEVICE
描述:
声明BIOS驱动器对应的实际物理设备。这条命令只用于grub命令行。
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portmap
用法: portmap prog_number vers_number
描述:
进行端口映射。
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dhcp
用法: dhcp
描述:
通过DHCP初试化网络设备。
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splashimage
用法: splashimage FILE
描述:
图形模式下载入背景图片文件。
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foreground
用法: foreground RRGGBB
描述:
设置图形模式下的前景色。RR 代表红色, GG 代表绿色, BB 代表蓝色。注意他们都使用十六进制的值。
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background
用法: background RRGGBB
描述:
设置图形模式下的背景色。RR 代表红色, GG 代表绿色, BB 代表蓝色。注意他们都使用十六进制的值。
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clear
用法: clear
描述:
清屏幕。
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displayapm
用法: displayapm
描述:
显示 APM BIOS 的相关信息。
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displaymem
用法: displaymem
描述:
显示 GRUB 所判断到的当前系统的内存分布，包括所有物理内存区域。
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dump
用法: dump FROM TO
描述:
显示诸多文件的内容。注意，FROM 所指定的必须是一个 GRUB 文件，TO 所指定的必须是一个 OS 文件。
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embed
用法: embed STAGE1_5 DEVICE
描述:
如果设备是个驱动器, 则将Stage 1.5嵌入到主引导扇区之后。如果是个FFS分区, 则可嵌入到该设备饿`引导代码'区中。并输出 Stage 1.5所占的扇区数。
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fallback
用法: fallback NUM
描述:
如果调用当前的菜单项时出现错误，则转移到 NUM 项后重试
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find
用法: find [--set-root] FILENAME
描述:
在所有分区上查找文件名, 并显示包含该文件的设备。如果设置了参数 --set-root，则在找到第一个匹配后马上停止，并且把该设备设为根。
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fstest
用法: fstest
描述:
切换文件系统的试验模式。
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gfxmenu
用法: gfxmenu FILE
描述:
使用 FILE 中的图形菜单。
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geometry
用法: geometry DRIVE [CYLINDER HEAD SECTOR [TOTAL_SECTOR]]
描述:
输出驱动器的相关信息。在grub壳程序中, 你可以用这条命令设置驱动器参数为任意值。如果你省略了总扇区数, 则该值缺省有其它参数决定。
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halt
用法: halt [--no-apm]
描述:
关闭系统。如果APM(高级电源管理)功能存在，将使用 APM BIOS 关闭系统，除非指定了 `--no-apm' 选项。
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help
用法: help [--all] [PATTERN ...]
描述:
显示内部命令的帮助信息。要查看所有命令的帮助，请使用 `--all' 参数。
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hiddenmenu
用法: hiddenmenu
描述:
隐藏菜单。
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hide
用法: hide PARTITION
描述:
通过在分区类型上置隐藏标志，隐藏指定分区。
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ifconfig
用法: ifconfig [--address=IP] [--gateway=IP] [--mask=MASK] [--server=IP]
描述:
指定 IP 地址, 子网掩码, 网关和服务器地址。不带参数时，将显示当前的网络配置。
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impsprobe
用法: impsprobe
描述:
通过一些循环操作，侦测出符合 Intel 多处理器规范 1.1/1.4 的 CPUs，以便于发挥其更好的效能。
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initrd
用法: initrd FILE [ARG ...]
描述:
加载Linux格式的初始化虚拟盘, 并设置必要的参数。
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install
用法: install [--stage2=STAGE2_FILE] [--force-lba] STAGE1 [d] DEVICE STAGE2 [ADDR] [p] [CONFIG_FILE] [REAL_CONFIG_FILE]
描述:
安装STAGE1到指定设备上,安装加载STAGE2需要的块列表到STAGE2上。如果使用了选项'd', STAGE1总是试图使用安装STAGE2的驱动器, 而不是启动盘。STAGE2将加载在指定地址上, 如果未声明地址, 则自动检测。如果使用了选项 'p' 或给出了配置文件, 将修改STAGE2的第一个数据块, 修正实际Stage2启动时使用的配置文件位置。对于Stage 1.5, 该值为Stage 2的路径。如果安装的是Stage 1.5, 且指定了实际配置文件, 则将该配置文件路径写入Stage2中。
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ioprobe
用法: ioprobe DRIVE
描述:
侦测指定设备的 I/O 端口号。
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kernel
用法: kernel [--no-mem-option] [--type=TYPE] FILE [ARG ...]
描述:
尝试载入主引导影像文件。其它项将被作为内核的命令行参数而传递给内核。使用此命令以前，内核所用到的模块应该被重新载入。参数 --type 用于说明内核的类型，包括 "netbsd", "freebsd", "openbsd", "linux", "biglinux" 和 "multiboot"。参数 --no-mem-option 用于说明不必自动传递 Linux 的内存参数。
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lock
用法: lock
描述:
如果用户未被认证，则终止命令的执行。
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makeactive
用法: makeactive
描述:
将 root 设备置为活动分区。当然，此命令只对 PC 的硬盘主分区有效。
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map
用法: map [--status] [--hook] [--unhook] [--rehook] [[--read-only] [--fake-write] [--unsafe-boot] [--disable-chs-mode] [--disable-lba-mode] [--heads-per-cylinder=H] [--sectors-per-track=S] TO_DRIVE FROM_DRIVE]
描述:
对设备进行映射。这对于扇区链式引导是很有用的功能，比如 DOS。这里，目的驱动器(TO_DRIVE)可以是一个磁盘文件，即使用磁盘虚拟功能。注意，这要求磁盘文件是连续存放于分区中的。另外，若使用了 --read-only 参数，该功能将使`磁盘'处于只读;若使用了 --fake-write 参数，该功能将使`磁盘'处于假写，即可以"写入"数据，但是却并未记录到真实磁盘上; 若使用了 --unsafe-boot 参数，该功能将使`磁盘'处于真实可写; 若使用了 --disable-chs-mode 参数，CHS 访问功能将被禁用; 若使用了 --disable-lba-mode 参数， LBA访问功能将被禁用; H 和 S 指定了虚拟磁盘的物理参数。若使用了 --status, --hook, --unhook,--rehook 诸参数之一, 那么其它的命令行参数将被忽略。
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md5crypt
用法: md5crypt
描述:
产生一个 MD5 格式的密码。
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module
用法: module FILE [ARG ...]
描述:
对多重启动影像, 加载启动模块文件 (不处理该文件的内容, 用户必须自己确定核心的要求)。剩余参数作为`模快命令行`传递, 象`kernel'命令一样。
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modulenounzip
用法: modulenounzip FILE [ARG ...]
描述:
与 'module' 类似, 但是自动禁用了解压缩。
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pager
用法: pager [FLAG]
描述:
没有参数时，切换页模式。如果使用了 FLAG 参数，那么它为`on' 时为开启, 为 `off' 时为关闭。
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partnew
用法: partnew PART TYPE START LEN
描述:
创建一个新的主分区。START 为起始扇区号，LEN 为其包含的扇区数，TYPE 为其分区类型。
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parttype
用法: parttype PART TYPE
描述:
改变指定分区(PART)的分区类型(TYPE)。
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password
用法: password [--md5] PASSWD [FILE]
描述:
设置密码。当其处于菜单文件的首项时，将禁用所有的交互式菜单编辑功能，包括编辑菜单项(`e`)/进入命令行(`c`)。当正确输入密码 (由PASSWD指定)后，载入新的菜单文件(由FILE指定)。如果你没有指定 FILE 项，那么上述被禁用的功能将被启用了。当然，你也可以将此命令用到某个菜单项里，用以提高系统安全性。参数 --md5 说明密码(PASSWD)是使用md5crypt 加密的。
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pause
用法: pause [MESSAGE ...]
描述:
终止命令的运行，并给出一段信息。任意键按下后，将继续。
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quit
用法: quit
描述:
从 GRUB 命令行中退出。
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rarp
用法: rarp
描述:
用 RARP 初始化网络设备。
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read
用法: read ADDR
描述:
从内存的指定位置读取一个 32-bit 的值，并以十六进制形式显示出来。
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reboot
用法: reboot
描述:
重启系统。
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fontfile
用法: fontfile FILE
描述:
指定中文字体文件，并切换到简体中文显示方式。
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scdrom
用法: scdrom [--install], [--bootcd]
描述:
寻找系统的第一个 CD-ROM 驱动器，然后为其分配一个驱动器号以备后续使用(--install)。或者，用该驱动器中的可引导光盘启动系统。(--boot)。
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run
用法: run FILE
描述:
运行一个为光盘启动而设计的引导文件（非模拟方式的）
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root
用法: root [DEVICE [HDBIAS]]
描述:
设置根分区。设置根分区为指定设备(DEVICE), 然后尝试挂接该分区以得到分区大小(用于在ES:ESI中传递, 扇区链式启动方式要求这样)。BSD 驱动类型用于启动 BSD 的核心启动), 和确定 BSD 子分区所在的 PC 分区。可选的磁盘偏移参数, 用于 BSD 核心确定有多少个控制器在当前控制器前。比如: 假设同时有一个IDE和SCSI盘, 而BSD根分区在 SCSI盘上, 那么磁盘偏移就为1。
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rootnoverify
用法: rootnoverify [DEVICE [HDBIAS]]
描述:
类似`root'指令, 但不测试安装该分区。这用于有些系统装在 GRUB 能访问的磁盘区之外, 但仍需要设置正确的根分区的情况。有些需要安装分区才能确定的参数可能会有问题。
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savedefault
用法: savedefault
描述:
将当前项设置为默认的引导项。
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serial
用法: serial [--unit=UNIT] [--port=PORT] [--speed=SPEED] [--word=WORD] [--parity=PARITY] [--stop=STOP] [--device=DEV]
描述:
初始化一个串口设备。UNIT 用于指定要使用的串口设备 (如，0 == COM1); PORT 用于指定端口号; SPEED 用于指定通讯的数率; WORD 为字长; PARITY 为奇偶类型(取 `no', `odd' 和 `even' 之一的值。); STOP 是停止位的长度值; 选项 --device 仅用于命令行模式，用以指定 tty 设备的文件名。默认值是这样的，COM1, 9600, 8N1。
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setkey
用法: setkey [TO_KEY FROM_KEY]
描述:
改变键盘映射关系。把FROM_KEY映射为TO_KEY。这里的键必须是字母, 数字, 和以下特殊键: escape(转义), exclam(!), at(@), numbersign(#), dollar($), parenright ()) , caret(^), ampersand(&), asterisk(*), plus(+), percent(%), minus(-), underscore(_), equal(=), parenleft[(], backspace(退格), tab(制表), bracketleft([), braceleft({), bracketright(]), braceright(}), enter(回车), control(控制), semicolon(;), colon(:), quote('), doublequote("), slash(/), backquote(`), tilde(~), shift(换档), backslash(\), bar(|), comma(,), less(<), period(.), greater(>), question(?), alt(交互), space(空格), capslock(大写), Fx(功能键) 和 delete(删除)。
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setup
用法: setup [--prefix=DIR] [--stage2=STAGE2_FILE] [--force-lba] INSTALL_DEVICE [IMAGE_DEVICE]
描述:
自动安装GRUB. 这条命令使用更灵活的install命令将GRUB安装到指定设备上。如果给出了映象设备,将在该设备寻找GRUB,否则使用缺省的根设备。根设备可用root指令指定。如果你确认系统的 BIOS 应该支持 LBA 模式, 但是 GRUB 却没有工作于该模式, 则请指定 `--force-lba' 参数。如若你在命令行中已安装了一次 GRUB 可是，你却无法卸载 GRUB 程序所在的分区，请指定 `--stage2' 参数。
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terminal
用法: terminal [--dumb] [--no-echo] [--no-edit] [--timeout=SECS] [--lines=LINES] [--silent] [console] [serial] [hercules] [graphics]
描述:
选择一个终端。当指定了多个终端以后, 按任意键方可继续操作。如果控制台和串口都被指定了, 那么你首先在其中按下键盘的终端将被首先选中。如果没有指定任何参数, 那么此命令将显示出当前的终端设置; 参数 --dumb 用以指定一个哑终端, 否则即为 vt100 兼容型; 若使用了 --no-echo 参数, 屏幕上将不会回显输入的字符; 若使用了 --no-edit 参数, the BASH-like 的编辑功能将被禁用; 若使用了 --timeout 参数, 该命令将等待数秒钟(由SECS指定); 可使用 --lines 指定最大的行数; 可使用 --silent 选项关闭消息显示。
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terminfo
用法: terminfo [--name=NAME --cursor-address=SEQ [--clear-screen=SEQ] [--enter-standout-mode=SEQ] [--exit-standout-mode=SEQ]]
描述:
指定终端的功能。如果此终端为 vt100 兼容型的，则可指定换码顺序 (即使用 \e 代表 ESC, ^X 代表控制码); 在未给任何参数的情况下，将给出当前配置信息。
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testload
用法: testload FILE
描述:
以多种不同的方式读取文件(由FILE指定)的整个内容，并予以比较，以测试文件系统的代码。输出看起来会有点儿混乱，但是，如果没有错误的话，`i=X, filepos=Y' 里的 X 和 Y 最后必得相等。如果测试即告成功，下一步即可试图载入内核了。
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testvbe
用法: testvbe MODE
描述:
测试所指定(MODE)的 VBE 模式。
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tftpserver
用法: tftpserver IPADDR
描述:
指定 TFTP 服务器的 IP 地址。
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timeout
用法: timeout SEC
描述:
设置在自动启动缺省菜单前所等待的秒数。
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title
用法: title [NAME ...]
描述:
命名菜单项。
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unhide
用法: unhide PARTITION
描述:
通过清除隐藏标志，解除指定分区(PARTITION)的隐藏。
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uppermem
用法: uppermem KBYTES
描述:
强制指定仅有(KBYTES) KB 的上位内存。任何系统的地址变换将被取消。
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vbeprobe
用法: vbeprobe [MODE]
描述:
侦测 VBE 的信息。如果指定了一个模式(MODE 不为空)，则仅显示其信息。
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因为原帖存在部分文本自动转换为表情，所以禁用 Smilies
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[ Last edited by 不得不爱 on 2009-6-6 at 23:06 ]
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 2006-7-26 06:50 |
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wang6610
银牌会员
积分 1246
发帖 488
注册 2003-11-11
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『第
2 楼』:
GRUB Command Index (EN)
Command Index:
background Sets the background color when in graphics mode.
blocklist Print the blocklist notation of the file FILE.
boot Boot the OS/chain-loader which has been loaded.
bootp Initialize a network device via BOOTP.
cat Print the contents of the file FILE.
chainloader Load the chain-loader FILE.
clear Clear the screen
cmp Compare the file FILE1 with the FILE2 and inform the different values if any.
color Change the menu colors.
configfile Load FILE as the configuration file.
debug Turn on/off the debug mode.
default Set the default entry to entry number NUM (if not specified, it is 0, the first entry) or the entry number saved by savedefault.
device Specify DEVICE as the actual drive for a BIOS drive DRIVE.
dhcp Initialize a network device via DHCP.
displayapm Display APM BIOS information.
displaymem Display what GRUB thinks the system address space map of the machine is, including all regions of physical RAM installed.
dump Dump the contents of the file FROM to the file TO.
embed Embed the Stage 1.5 STAGE1_5 in the sectors after MBR.
fallback Go into unattended boot mode.
find Search for the filename FILENAME in all of partitions and print the list of the devices which contain the file.
fontfile Specify the Chinese Font File.
foreground Sets the foreground color when in graphics mode.
fstest Toggle filesystem test mode.
geometry Print the information for a drive DRIVE.
gfxmenu Use the graphical menu from FILE.
halt Halt your system.
help Display helpful information about builtin commands.
hiddenmenu Hide the menu.
hide Hide PARTITION by setting the "hidden" bit in its partition type code.
ifconfig Configure the IP address, the netmask, the gateway and the server address or print current network configuration.
impsprobe Probe the Intel Multiprocessor Specification 1.1 or 1.4 configuration table and boot the various CPUs which are found into a tight loop.
initrd Load an initial ramdisk FILE for a Linux format boot image and set the appropriate parameters in the Linux setup area in memory.
install Install STAGE1 on DEVICE, and install a blocklist for loading STAGE2 as a Stage 2.
ioprobe Probe I/O ports used for the drive DRIVE.
kernel Attempt to load the primary boot image from FILE.
lock Break a command execution unless the user is authenticated.
makeactive Set the active partition on the root disk to GRUB's root device.
map Map the drive FROM_DRIVE to the drive TO_DRIVE.
md5crypt Generate a password in MD5 format.
module Load a boot module FILE for a Multiboot format boot image (no interpretation of the file contents is made, so users of this command must know what the kernel in question expects).
modulenounzip The same as 'module', except that automatic decompression is disabled.
pager Toggle pager mode with no argument.
partnew Create a primary partition at the starting address START with the length LEN, with the type TYPE.
parttype Change the type of the partition PART to TYPE.
password Set password.
pause Print MESSAGE, then wait until a key is pressed.
portmap Do portmap with the prog_number and vers_number
quit Exit from the GRUB shell.
rarp Initialize a network device via RARP.
read Read a 32-bit value from memory at address ADDR and display it in hex format.
reboot Reboot your system.
root Set root device.
rootnoverify Similar to `root', but don't attempt to mount the partition.
run Run a NO-Emul Boot Sector file for CD-ROM Boot
savedefault Save the current entry as the default boot entry.
scdrom Search the 1st CD-ROM Drive on the local system, then init a driver number(0xe0) for it(--install) -OR- boot system with this CD-ROM(--boot).
serial Initialize a serial device.
setkey Change the keyboard map.
setup Set up the installation of GRUB automatically.
splashimage Load FILE as the background image when in graphics mode.
terminal Select a terminal.
terminfo Define the capabilities of your terminal.
testload Read the entire contents of FILE in several different ways and compares them, to test the filesystem code.
testvbe Test the VBE mode MODE. Hit any key to return.
tftpserver Override the TFTP server address.
timeout Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry (normally the first entry defined).
title Start a new boot entry, and set its name to the contents of the rest of the line, starting with the first non-space character.
unhide Unhide PARTITION by clearing the "hidden" bit in its partition type code.
uppermem Force GRUB to assume that only KBYTES kilobytes of upper memory are installed.
vbeprobe Probe VBE information.
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blocklist
Usage: blocklist FILE
Description:
Print the blocklist notation of the file FILE.
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boot
Usage: boot
Description:
Boot the OS/chain-loader which has been loaded.
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bootp
Usage: bootp [--with-configfile]
Description:
Initialize a network device via BOOTP.If the option `--with-configfile' is given, try to load a configuration file specified by the 150 vendor tag.
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cat
Usage: cat FILE
Description:
Print the contents of the file FILE.
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chainloader
Usage: chainloader [--force] FILE
Description:
Load the chain-loader FILE. If --force is specified, then load it forcibly, whether the boot loader signature is present or not.
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cmp
Usage: cmp FILE1 FILE2
Description:
Compare the file FILE1 with the FILE2 and inform the different values if any.
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color
Usage: color NORMAL [HIGHLIGHT]
Description:
Change the menu colors.The color NORMAL is used for most lines in the menu, and the color HIGHLIGHT is used to highlight the line where the cursor points. If you omit HIGHLIGHT, then the inverted color of NORMAL is used for the highlighted line. The format of a color is "FG/BG". FG and BG are symbolic color names. A symbolic color name must be one of these: black, blue, green, cyan, red, magenta, brown, light-gray, dark-gray, light-blue, light-green, light-cyan, light-red, light-magenta, yellow and white. But only the first eight names can be used for BG. You can prefix "blink" to FG if you want a blinking foreground color.
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configfile
Usage: configfile FILE
Description:
Load FILE as the configuration file.
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debug
Usage: debug
Description:
Turn on/off the debug mode.
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default
Usage: default [NUM | `saved']
Description:
Set the default entry to entry number NUM (if not specified, it is 0, the first entry) or the entry number saved by savedefault.
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device
Usage: device DRIVE DEVICE
Description:
Specify DEVICE as the actual drive for a BIOS drive DRIVE.This command can be used only in the grub shell.
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portmap
Usage: portmap prog_number vers_number
Description:
Do portmap with the prog_number and vers_number
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dhcp
Usage: dhcp
Description:
Initialize a network device via DHCP.
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splashimage
Usage: splashimage FILE
Description:
Load FILE as the background image when in graphics mode.
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foreground
Usage: foreground RRGGBB
Description:
Sets the foreground color when in graphics mode.RR is red, GG is green, and BB blue. Numbers must be in hexadecimal
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background
Usage: background RRGGBB
Description:
Sets the background color when in graphics mode.RR is red, GG is green, and BB blue. Numbers must be in hexadecimal.
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clear
Usage: clear
Description:
Clear the screen
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displayapm
Usage: displayapm
Description:
Display APM BIOS information.
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displaymem
Usage: displaymem
Description:
Display what GRUB thinks the system address space map of the machine is, including all regions of physical RAM installed.
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dump
Usage: dump FROM TO
Description:
Dump the contents of the file FROM to the file TO.FROM must be a GRUB file and TO must be an OS file.
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embed
Usage: embed STAGE1_5 DEVICE
Description:
Embed the Stage 1.5 STAGE1_5 in the sectors after MBR.If DEVICE is a drive, or in the "bootloader" area if DEVICE is a FFS partition. Print the number of sectors which STAGE1_5 occupies if successful.
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fallback
Usage: fallback NUM
Description:
Go into unattended boot mode.If the default boot entry has any errors, instead of waiting for the user to do anything, it immediately starts over using the NUM entry (same numbering as the `default' command). This obviously won't help if the machine was rebooted by a kernel that GRUB loaded.
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find
Usage: find [--set-root] FILENAME
Description:
Search for the filename FILENAME in all of partitions and print the list of the devices which contain the file.
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fstest
Usage: fstest
Description:
Toggle filesystem test mode.
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gfxmenu
Usage: gfxmenu FILE
Description:
Use the graphical menu from FILE.
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geometry
Usage: geometry DRIVE [CYLINDER HEAD SECTOR [TOTAL_SECTOR]]
Description:
Print the information for a drive DRIVE.In the grub shell, you can set the geometry of the drive arbitrarily. The number of the cylinders, the one of the heads, the one of the sectors and the one of the total sectors are set to CYLINDER, HEAD, SECTOR and TOTAL_SECTOR, respectively. If you omit TOTAL_SECTOR, then it will be calculated based on the C/H/S values automatically.
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halt
Usage: halt [--no-apm]
Description:
Halt your system.If APM is avaiable on it, turn off the power using the APM BIOS, unless you specify the option `--no-apm'.
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help
Usage: help [--all] [PATTERN ...]
Description:
Display helpful information about builtin commands.Not all commands aren't shown without the option `--all'.
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hiddenmenu
Usage: hiddenmenu
Description:
Hide the menu.
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hide
Usage: hide PARTITION
Description:
Hide PARTITION by setting the "hidden" bit in its partition type code.
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ifconfig
Usage: ifconfig [--address=IP] [--gateway=IP] [--mask=MASK] [--server=IP]
Description:
Configure the IP address, the netmask, the gateway and the server address or print current network configuration.
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impsprobe
Usage: impsprobe
Description:
Probe the Intel Multiprocessor Specification 1.1 or 1.4 configuration table and boot the various CPUs which are found into a tight loop.
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initrd
Usage: initrd FILE [ARG ...]
Description:
Load an initial ramdisk FILE for a Linux format boot image and set the appropriate parameters in the Linux setup area in memory.
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install
Usage: install [--stage2=STAGE2_FILE] [--force-lba] STAGE1 [d] DEVICE STAGE2 [ADDR] [p] [CONFIG_FILE] [REAL_CONFIG_FILE]
Description:
Install STAGE1 on DEVICE, and install a blocklist for loading STAGE2 as a Stage 2.If the option `d' is present, the Stage 1 will always look for the disk where STAGE2 was installed, rather than using the booting drive. The Stage 2 will be loaded at address ADDR, which will be determined automatically if you don't specify it. If the option `p' or CONFIG_FILE is present, then the first block of Stage 2 is patched with new values of the partition and name of the configuration file used by the true Stage 2 (for a Stage 1.5, this is the name of the true Stage 2) at boot time. If STAGE2 is a Stage 1.5 and REAL_CONFIG_FILE is present, then the Stage 2 CONFIG_FILE is patched with the configuration filename REAL_CONFIG_FILE. If the option `--force-lba' is specified, disable some sanity checks for LBA mode. If the option `--stage2' is specified, rewrite the Stage 2 via your OS's filesystem instead of the raw device.
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ioprobe
Usage: ioprobe DRIVE
Description:
Probe I/O ports used for the drive DRIVE.
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kernel
Usage: kernel [--no-mem-option] [--type=TYPE] FILE [ARG ...]
Description:
Attempt to load the primary boot image from FILE.The rest of the line is passed verbatim as the "kernel command line". Any modules must be reloaded after using this command. The option --type is used to suggest what type of kernel to be loaded. TYPE must be either of "netbsd", "freebsd", "openbsd", "linux", "biglinux" and "multiboot". The option --no-mem-option tells GRUB not to pass a Linux's mem option automatically.
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lock
Usage: lock
Description:
Break a command execution unless the user is authenticated.
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makeactive
Usage: makeactive
Description:
Set the active partition on the root disk to GRUB's root device.This command is limited to _primary_ PC partitions on a hard disk.
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map
Usage: map [--status] [--hook] [--unhook] [--rehook] [[--read-only] [--fake-write] [--unsafe-boot] [--disable-chs-mode] [--disable-lba-mode] [--heads-per-cylinder=H] [--sectors-per-track=S] TO_DRIVE FROM_DRIVE]
Description:
Map the drive FROM_DRIVE to the drive TO_DRIVE.This is necessary when you chain-load some operating systems, such as DOS, if such an OS resides at a non-first drive. TO_DRIVE can be a disk file, this indicates a disk emulation. If TO_DRIVE is a disk file, it must be contiguous(i.e., no holes in it). If --read-only is given, the emulated drive will be write-protected. If --fake-write is given, any write operations to the emulated drive are allowed but the data written will be ignored. The --unsafe-boot switch enables the write to the Master and DOS boot sectors of the emulated disk. If --disable-chs-mode is given, CHS access to the emulated drive will be refused. If --disable-lba-mode is given, LBA access to the emulated drive will be refused. H and S specify the geometry of the emulated drive. If --status, --hook, --unhook or --rehook is given, then any other command-line arguments will be ignored. They either report or change the int13 status.
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md5crypt
Usage: md5crypt
Description:
Generate a password in MD5 format.
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module
Usage: module FILE [ARG ...]
Description:
Load a boot module FILE for a Multiboot format boot image (no interpretation of the file contents is made, so users of this command must know what the kernel in question expects).The rest of the line is passed as the "module command line", like the `kernel' command.
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modulenounzip
Usage: modulenounzip FILE [ARG ...]
Description:
The same as 'module', except that automatic decompression is disabled.
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pager
Usage: pager [FLAG]
Description:
Toggle pager mode with no argument.If FLAG is given and its value is `on', turn on the mode. If FLAG is `off', turn off the mode.
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partnew
Usage: partnew PART TYPE START LEN
Description:
Create a primary partition at the starting address START with the length LEN, with the type TYPE.START and LEN are in sector units.
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parttype
Usage: parttype PART TYPE
Description:
Change the type of the partition PART to TYPE.
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password
Usage: password [--md5] PASSWD [FILE]
Description:
Set password.If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing control (menu entry editor and command line). If the password PASSWD is entered, it loads the FILE as a new config file and restarts the GRUB Stage 2. If you omit the argument FILE, then GRUB just unlocks privileged instructions. You can also use it in the script section, in which case it will ask for the password, before continueing. The option --md5 tells GRUB that PASSWD is encrypted with md5crypt.
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pause
Usage: pause [MESSAGE ...]
Description:
Print MESSAGE, then wait until a key is pressed.
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quit
Usage: quit
Description:
Exit from the GRUB shell.
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rarp
Usage: rarp
Description:
Initialize a network device via RARP.
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read
Usage: read ADDR
Description:
Read a 32-bit value from memory at address ADDR and display it in hex format.
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reboot
Usage: reboot
Description:
Reboot your system.
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fontfile
Usage: fontfile FILE
Description:
Specify the Chinese Font File.If you want display chinese character, please run splashimage command later.
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scdrom
Usage: scdrom [--install], [--bootcd]
Description:
Search the 1st CD-ROM Drive on the local system, then init a driver number(0xe0) for it(--install) -OR- boot system with this CD-ROM(--boot).
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run
Usage: run FILE
Description:
Run a NO-Emul Boot Sector file for CD-ROM Boot
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root
Usage: root [DEVICE [HDBIAS]]
Description:
Set root device.Set the current "root device" to the device DEVICE, then attempt to mount it to get the partition size (for passing the partition descriptor in `ES:ESI', used by some chain-loaded bootloaders), the BSD drive-type (for booting BSD kernels using their native boot format), and correctly determine the PC partition where a BSD sub-partition is located. The optional HDBIAS parameter is a number to tell a BSD kernel how many BIOS drive numbers are on controllers before the current one. For example, if there is an IDE disk and a SCSI disk, and your FreeBSD root partition is on the SCSI disk, then use a `1' for HDBIAS.
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rootnoverify
Usage: rootnoverify [DEVICE [HDBIAS]]
Description:
Similar to `root', but don't attempt to mount the partition.This is useful for when an OS is outside of the area of the disk that GRUB can read, but setting the correct root device is still desired. Note that the items mentioned in `root' which derived from attempting the mount will NOT work correctly.
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savedefault
Usage: savedefault
Description:
Save the current entry as the default boot entry.
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serial
Usage: serial [--unit=UNIT] [--port=PORT] [--speed=SPEED] [--word=WORD] [--parity=PARITY] [--stop=STOP] [--device=DEV]
Description:
Initialize a serial device.UNIT is a digit that specifies which serial device is used (e.g. 0 == COM1). If you need to specify the port number, set it by --port. SPEED is the DTE-DTE speed. WORD is the word length, PARITY is the type of parity, which is one of `no', `odd' and `even'. STOP is the length of stop bit(s). The option --device can be used only in the grub shell, which specifies the file name of a tty device. The default values are COM1, 9600, 8N1.
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setkey
Usage: setkey [TO_KEY FROM_KEY]
Description:
Change the keyboard map.The key FROM_KEY is mapped to the key TO_KEY. A key must be an alphabet, a digit, or one of these: escape, exclam, at, numbersign, dollar, percent, caret, ampersand, asterisk, parenleft, parenright, minus, underscore, equal, plus, backspace, tab, bracketleft, braceleft, bracketright, braceright, enter, control, semicolon, colon, quote, doublequote, backquote, tilde, shift, backslash, bar, comma, less, period, greater, slash, question, alt, space, capslock, FX (X is a digit), and delete. If no argument is specified, reset key mappings.
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setup
Usage: setup [--prefix=DIR] [--stage2=STAGE2_FILE] [--force-lba] INSTALL_DEVICE [IMAGE_DEVICE]
Description:
Set up the installation of GRUB automatically.This command uses the more flexible command \"install\" in the backend and installs GRUB into the device INSTALL_DEVICE. If IMAGE_DEVICE is specified, then find the GRUB images in the device IMAGE_DEVICE, otherwise use the current "root device", which can be set by the command "root". If you know that your BIOS should support LBA but GRUB doesn't work in LBA mode, specify the option `--force-lba'. If you install GRUB under the grub shell and you cannot unmount the partition where GRUB images reside, specify the option `--stage2' to tell GRUB the file name under your OS.
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terminal
Usage: terminal [--dumb] [--no-echo] [--no-edit] [--timeout=SECS] [--lines=LINES] [--silent] [console] [serial] [hercules] [graphics]
Description:
Select a terminal. When multiple terminals are specified, wait until you push any key to continue. If both console and serial are specified, the terminal to which you input a key first will be selected. If no argument is specified, print current setting. The option --dumb specifies that your terminal is dumb, otherwise, vt100-compatibility is assumed. If you specify --no-echo, input characters won't be echoed. If you specify --no-edit, the BASH-like editing feature will be disabled. If --timeout is present, this command will wait at most for SECS seconds. The option --lines specifies the maximum number of lines. The option --silent is used to suppress messages.
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terminfo
Usage: terminfo [--name=NAME --cursor-address=SEQ [--clear-screen=SEQ] [--enter-standout-mode=SEQ] [--exit-standout-mode=SEQ]]
Description:
Define the capabilities of your terminal. Use this command to define escape sequences, if it is not vt100-compatible. You may use \e for ESC and ^X for a control character. If no option is specified, the current settings are printed.
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testload
Usage: testload FILE
Description:
Read the entire contents of FILE in several different ways and compares them, to test the filesystem code. The output is somewhat cryptic, but if no errors are reported and the final `i=X, filepos=Y' reading has X and Y equal, then it is definitely consistent, and very likely works correctly subject to a consistent offset error. If this test succeeds, then a good next step is to try loading a kernel.
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testvbe
Usage: testvbe MODE
Description:
Test the VBE mode MODE. Hit any key to return.
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tftpserver
Usage: tftpserver IPADDR
Description:
Override the TFTP server address.
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timeout
Usage: timeout SEC
Description:
Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry (normally the first entry defined).
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title
Usage: title [NAME ...]
Description:
Start a new boot entry, and set its name to the contents of the rest of the line, starting with the first non-space character.
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unhide
Usage: unhide PARTITION
Description:
Unhide PARTITION by clearing the "hidden" bit in its partition type code.
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uppermem
Usage: uppermem KBYTES
Description:
Force GRUB to assume that only KBYTES kilobytes of upper memory are installed. Any system address range maps are discarded.
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vbeprobe
Usage: vbeprobe [MODE]
Description:
Probe VBE information. If the mode number MODE is specified, show only the information about only the mode.
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2006-7-26 06:51 |
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weilong888
银牌会员
积分 1270
发帖 548
注册 2004-5-31
状态 离线
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『第
3 楼』:
这些东西熟悉一下，还是有不少用处 的。
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2006-7-26 08:50 |
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flysp
中级用户
积分 207
发帖 41
注册 2004-10-24
状态 离线
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『第
4 楼』:
你说的这些是不是LINUX下的操作啊
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2006-7-30 16:43 |
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dosxiaobai
初级用户
积分 33
发帖 17
注册 2006-7-24
状态 离线
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『第
5 楼』:
是呀，是呀，我正在学GRUB这工具呢，收了，顶了
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2006-8-3 16:14 |
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jmm988
初级用户
积分 37
发帖 18
注册 2006-5-13
状态 离线
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『第
6 楼』:
好东西，就是看不懂，一定好好学学！
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2006-8-8 08:50 |
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electronixtar
铂金会员
积分 7493
发帖 2672
注册 2005-9-2
状态 离线
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『第
7 楼』:
so长！
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C:\>BLOG http://initiative.yo2.cn/
C:\>hh.exe ntcmds.chm::/ntcmds.htm
C:\>cmd /cstart /MIN "" iexplore "about:<bgsound src='res://%ProgramFiles%\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\VBA\VBA6\vbe6.dll/10/5432'>" |
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2006-8-8 11:03 |
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bangjiang
新手上路
积分 2
发帖 1
注册 2009-5-21
状态 离线
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2009-5-31 10:05 |
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gjxjob
新手上路
积分 10
发帖 5
注册 2009-5-9
状态 离线
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2009-7-10 14:34 |
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simonszehh
初级用户
积分 42
发帖 21
注册 2009-10-9
状态 离线
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2009-10-10 20:53 |
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energy2009
新手上路
积分 12
发帖 6
注册 2009-4-11
状态 离线
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2009-12-5 22:08 |
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